Tennessee Insurance Practice Exam

In an insurance contract, what type of contract includes a legally enforceable promise from only one party?

1. Bilateral

2. Unilateral

3. Conditional

4. Adhesion

The correct answer is: Unilateral

A contract that includes a legally enforceable promise from only one party is known as a unilateral contract. In the context of insurance, this means that the insurer makes a promise to pay for covered losses or damages, but the insured does not have a corresponding legal obligation to perform any action beyond paying premiums, until a claim arises. When a policyholder pays their premium, they do not have to do anything else for the contract to be valid; the insurance company is the only party that is bound to provide the promised coverage in the event of a loss. This is a key concept that distinguishes unilateral contracts from bilateral contracts, where both parties exchange mutual promises. Understanding this difference is crucial in the insurance realm, as it emphasizes the insurer's commitment to fulfill their promise in exchange for the premium paid by the insured.